Bhagavad Gita Verse 35, Chapter 10

brihatsaama tathaa saamnaa gaayatraa chandasaamaham |
maasaanaam margasheershohamritoonaam kusumaakaraha || 35 ||
 
Among the Saamas I am Brihat-saama, also, among the poetic metres I am Gaayatri. Among the months I am Maargasheersha, and among the seasons I am spring.
 
brihatsaama : Brihat-saama
tathaa : also
saamnaa : among the Saamas
gaayatraa : Gaayatri
chandasaam : among the lyrical metres
aham : I am
maasaanaam : among the months
margasheershaha : Maargasheersha
aham : I am
ritoonaam : among the seasons
kusumaakaraha : spring
 
Previously, we came across the Saama Veda as one of Ishvara’s manifestations. Within the Saama Veda, there is a chant called the Brihat-Saama mantra, an invocation that is sung for praising Lord Indra. Since it is Brihat, the most potent and powerful among the Saama Veda mantras, Shri Krishna terms it as a foremost expression of Ishvara.
 
In prior chapters of the, we have seen the use of the poetic metre as a tool to emphasize the change in topic. Let us delve deeper into this. The Gita is composed in the “Anushtup chandas” . Chandas means metre. It is made up of 4 lines or padas, each comprising 8 syllables. For example, let us see a famous shloka: “ya-da-ya-da-hi-dharm-as-ya”. It contains 8 syllables. There are 3 more lines like this. So we get 8 times 4 equals 32 syllables.
 
The Gaayatri mantra is considered to be the root and essence of all Vedic mantras. It is composed in a metre of the same name. The Gaayatri metre is made up of 4 lines each comprising 6 syllables. The first line is “tat-sa-vi-tur-vareni-yam”. Therefore the Gaayatri mantra as well as the associated metre, foremost among all the mantras, are Ishvara’s expression.
 
Next, Shri Krishna elaborates upon weather and seasons. He says that among all the months, Ishvara is the month of Maargasheersha of the Indian calendar. It corresponds to the November-December time period and culminates in the festival of Makara Sankranti. He then goes on to say that among the seasons, Ishvara is Kusumaakara, which refers to spring, the flower-bearing season. Both Margasheersha and Kusumaakara are not too hot and not too cold. They are conducive to generating serenity in the mind, and that is why they are considered foremost expressions of Ishvara.